Epinephrine Hydrochloride Injection
Epinephrine, with appropriate amount of hydrochloride.
This product is colorless or almost colorless clear solution. Easily deteriorated by sunlight or in contact with air.
Pharmacodynamic. This product has a strong excitatory effect on both α and β receptors, and its pharmacological action is extensive and complex.
1. Excitation of the heart: By activating the heart β1 receptor, increase myocardial excitability, increases heart rate and myocardial contractility, and increases cardiac output.
2. By stimulating the vascular α receptor, the blood vessels of the skin, mucosa and kidney are strongly constricted. Dilate coronary and skeletal muscle blood vessels by activating the β2 receptor.
3. Increase blood pressure: the influence on blood pressure is dose-related, and the systolic blood pressure increases under the common dose, and the diastolic blood pressure remains unchanged or decreases; Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased at high doses.
4. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles: By activating bronchial smooth muscle β2 receptors, rapid and powerful relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle is produced. In addition, it can also inhibit the release of inflammable and allergenic substances by the MASTER-cells, indirectly relieve bronchial smooth muscle spasm, and it can shrink bronchial mucosal blood vessels and reduce capillary permeability, thus helping to alleviate the symptoms of dyspnea in allergic diseases.
Pharmacokinetic. Drugs are absorbed well by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, and the absorption of drugs by intramuscular injection is slightly faster than that of subcutaneous injection. By subcutaneous injection, the drug generally appears after 5 to 10 minutes, while by intramuscular injection, the effect appears immediately and the effect is strong. Epinephrine cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, but can cross the placental barrier and be secreted into milk. Epinephrine terminates its effect mainly through the uptake and metabolism of nerve endings. In liver and other tissues, it is metabolically inactivated by the metabolism of monoamine oxidase and catecholamine oxymethyltransferase.
Interaction with Other Products
1. Alkaline drugs such as aminophylline, sodium salts of sulfonamides, penicillin sodium (potassium), etc., can make this product ineffective.
2. Some antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine, may enhance its effect.
3. Cardiac glycosides can make the myocardium more sensitive to this product, and the combination is prone to arrhythmia.
4. Combined with oxytocin and ergotrine, it can enhance vascular contraction, leading to hypertension or peripheral tissue ischemia.
Adrenerinoid drugs. For first aid in cardiac arrest; Relief symptoms of severe allergic disorders; It is often combined with local anesthetics to extend the duration of local anesthesia.
For subcutaneous use. 2~5 ml for horse and cattle; 0.2~10 ml for sheep and pig; 0.1~0.5 ml for dogs.
For intravenous use. 1~3 ml for horse and cattle; 0.2~0.6 ml for sheep and pig; 0.1~0.3 ml for dogs.
This product can induce excitement, restlessness, trembling, vomiting, hypertension (excessive), arrhythmia, etc. Local repeated injection can cause tissue necrosis at the injection site.
(1) Do not use if solution changes color or becomes cloudy.
(2) Ventricular fibrillation is likely to occur when combined with general anesthetics such as chloral hydrate. Also can not be combined with digitalis, calcium.
(3) Use with caution for animals with organic heart disease, hyperthyroidism, traumatic and hemorrhagic shock.
1 ml: 1 mg
10 ampoules
It should be avoided to be exposed to light and store in sealed container, place in a cool dry place.
2 years